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WTO.美国通报 G/TBT/N/USA/1621
来源:CCCME
WTO.美国通报Tier 3认证测试燃油的车辆测试程序调整
编号：G/TBT/N/USA/1621
拟议规则制定通知-环境保护局（EPA）提议对汽车、轻型卡车、重型皮卡车和厢式货车的某些实验室排气管排放测试程序进行调整，作为EPA 2014第3级车辆排放规则的一部分，最终确定了测试燃料的变化。在这条规则中，环保局改变了实验室测试燃料，使其更接近目前使用的典型汽油。在Tier 3最终规则制定中，EPA要求车辆制造商对2020年及以后的车辆采用新的Tier 3测试燃料进行温室气体（GHG）和CAFE燃油经济性测试。排放测试所用燃料的变化可能导致测试中排放结果的变化。当我们采用Tier 3测试燃料时，我们表示我们打算进行规则制定，以重新调整新Tier 3测试燃料的温室气体和CAFE燃油经济性测试结果，使其与原始Tier 2测试燃料的测试结果一致，以避免温室气体和CAFE标准严格性的有效变化。具体来说，环保署现在提出调整系数，以适用于温室气体和CAFE项目的车辆温室气体和燃料经济性测试结果以及燃料经济性和环境标签。此外，我们建议在2024车型年之前逐步过渡到所有车辆测试所需使用的新燃料，但在2025年后所有车型均需要。由于该规则的目的只是为了根据试验燃料的变化重新调整试验结果，因此不会产生与拟议行动有关的重大费用。
车辆排气管排放试验程序；火花点火往复式或旋转式内燃机（HS 8407）；压燃式内燃机（柴油机或半柴油机）（HS 8408）；10人或10人以上的机动车，包括驾驶员（HS 8702）；主要为运送人员而设计的汽车及其他汽车（87.02除外)，包括旅行车和赛车（HS 8703）；货物运输用机动车（HS 8704）；特殊用途机动车，主要用于人员或货物运输的除外（例如，故障卡车（粉碎机）、起重机卡车（移动式起重机）、消防车、混凝土搅拌车（混凝土搅拌车）、道路清扫车（道路清扫车）、喷洒车（喷洒车）、移动车间、移动辐射装置（HS 8705）；质量（ICS03.120)，空气质量（ICS13.040)，一般试验条件和程序（集成电路19.020)，道路车辆系统（ICS43.040)，道路车辆用内燃机（ICS43.060)
英文原文：
Notice of proposed rulemaking - The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to make adjustments to certain laboratory tailpipe emission testing procedures for automobiles, light trucks, and heavy-duty pickup trucks and vans as the result of a test fuel change that was finalized as a part of EPA's 2014 Tier 3 vehicle emissions rule. In that rule, EPA changed its laboratory test fuel to be more similar to typical gasoline currently in use. In the Tier 3 Final Rulemaking, EPA required vehicle manufacturers to perform greenhouse gas (GHG) and CAFE fuel economy testing on the new Tier 3 test fuel, beginning for model year 2020 and later vehicles. Changes to the fuel used for emissions testing can result in a change in emission results on the tests. When we adopted the Tier 3 test fuel, we indicated that we intended to undertake rulemaking to re-align test results from GHG and CAFE fuel economy testing on the new Tier 3 test fuel so they are consistent with test results from testing on the original Tier 2 test fuel, in order to avoid an effective change in the stringency of the GHG and CAFE standards. Specifically, EPA is now proposing adjustment factors to apply to both vehicle GHG and fuel economy test results for the GHG and CAFE programs and the Fuel Economy and Environment Label. In addition, we propose that the shift to required use of the new fuel for all vehicle testing be phased in through Model Year 2024, but required in Model Year 2025. Because the purpose of the rule is simply to realign testing results in response to the test fuel change, there would be no significant costs associated with the proposed action.
Products covered: Vehicle tailpipe emission testing procedures; Spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines (HS 8407); Compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines) (HS 8408); Motor vehicles for the transport of ten or more persons, including the driver (HS 8702); Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons (other than those of heading 87.02), including station wagons and racing cars (HS 8703); Motor vehicles for the transport of goods (HS 8704); Special purpose motor vehicles, other than those principally designed for the transport of persons or goods (for example, breakdown lorries (wreckers), crane lorries (mobile cranes), fire fighting vehicles, concrete mixer lorries (concrete-mixers), road sweeper lorries (road sweepers), spraying lorries (spraying vehicles), mobile workshops, mobile radiological units) (HS 8705); Quality (ICS 03.120), Air quality (ICS 13.040), Test conditions and procedures in general (ICS 19.020), Road vehicle systems (ICS 43.040), Internal combustion engines for road vehicles (ICS 43.060)（技术服务中心）
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